Toothache (Gum) - Sign. Cause, Symptoms

Toothache - Sign. Cause, Symptoms 

Toothache

Toothache is pain in the tooth. Toothache is caused by various problems of the teeth and jaw, such as dental caries, gingivitis or jaw disease, and many more. Toothache is also a symptom of heart disease, such as angina. Toothache can lead to heart disease and stroke.

Toothache usually refers to pain around the teeth or jaws primarily as a result of dental conditions. In many cases, tooth pain caused by dental problems, such as dental cavity, cracked tooth, an exposed tooth root, or gum disease. However, disruption of (Temporo-mandibular joint) TMJ can also cause pain referred to as the "toothache". The severity of a toothache can range from mild to chronic, sharp and excruciating. The pain can be aggravated by chewing or cold or hot. A thorough oral examination, which includes dental X-rays, can help determine whether the toothache comes from tooth or jaw problems and their causes.

Sometimes, a toothache may be caused by a problem that does not originate from the teeth or jaws. Pain around the teeth and jaws can be symptoms of heart disease (such as angina or heart attack), ears (such as external or inner ear infection), and sinuses (air passages of the cheek bone). For example, angina pain (oxygenated blood supply is inadequate to the heart muscle due to narrowing of blood vessels to the heart) is usually located in the chest or arm. However, in some patients with angina, the pain of tooth or jaw pain are only symptoms of their heart problems. Infections and ear and sinus disease can also cause pain around the teeth and jaw. Therefore, the evaluation by dentists and doctors are sometimes necessary to diagnose medical illnesses causing "toothache."

Cause

Common causes of toothache include dental cavities, dental abscess, gum disease, irritation of the tooth root, cracked tooth syndrome, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders, impaction, and tooth erosion.

Dental abscess cavities

The most common cause of toothache is a dental cavity. Dental cavities (caries) are holes in the two outer layers of the tooth called the enamel and dentin. enamel is the outermost white hard surface and the dentin is the yellow layer just beneath enamel. Both layers serve to protect the living tissue inside the tooth called the pulp, where blood vessels and nerves are located. certain bacteria in the mouth convert simple sugars into acid. Acid softens and (along with saliva) dissolves the enamel and dentin, creating cavities. Small, shallow cavities may not cause pain and may be unnoticed by the patient. Larger cavities can be painful and collect leftover food. Pulp live in the affected tooth can become disrupted by bacterial toxins or by foods and liquids are cold, hot, sour, or sweet, causing toothache. severe injury to the pulp can lead to death of pulp tissue, causing a tooth infection (dental abscess). A "gum blister" or there may be minor swelling around the affected teeth as well. Toothache of larger cavities is the most common reason for visits to the dentist.

Treatment of small and shallow cavity usually involves a dental filling. Treatment involves a larger cavity or crown ornament. Treatment for a cavity that has penetrated and injured the pulp or for an infected tooth is one of the root canal procedure or extraction of affected teeth. Root canal procedure involves removing the pulp tissue dies (thus avoiding or removing tooth infection) and replacing it with an inert filling material. This procedure is used in an attempt to save the dying tooth from extraction. After the root canal procedure, the teeth more susceptible to fractures and will often need a crown to protect it.

Gum Disease

The second most common cause of toothache is gum disease (periodontal disease). Gum disease refers to inflammation of the soft tissue (gums) and abnormal loss of bone that surrounds and holds the tooth in place. Gum disease is caused by toxins released by certain bacteria in "plaque" that accumulate over time along and below the gum line. This plaque is a mixture of food, saliva, and bacteria. Early symptoms of gum disease is painless bloody gums. If there is pain then this indicates symptoms of gum disease is more severe as a result of loss of bone around the teeth and lead to the formation of pockets in the gums. Bacteria in the bag cause gum infection, swelling, pain, and further bone destruction. Advanced gum disease can cause tooth loss is healthy. Gum disease is much uncomplicated by factors such as poor oral hygiene, family history of gum disease, smoking, and family history of diabetes.

Treatment of gum disease involves oral hygiene and always remove bacterial plaque and tartar (hardened plaque). Moderate to advanced gum disease usually requires a thorough cleaning of the teeth and teeth roots called "scaling and root planing" and "subgingival curettage." Scaling and root planing is the removal of plaque and tartar from the roots of teeth exposed while subgingival curettage refers to the removal of the inflamed gum tissue from the surface layer. Both of these procedures are usually performed under local anesthesia and may be accompanied by the use of oral antibiotics to overcome gum infection or abscess. Follow-up treatment, if necessary, can include various types of gum surgery. In advanced gum disease with significant bone destruction and loosening of teeth, it may take a splint or a tooth extraction.

The roots of Sensitive Teeth

Toothache can also be caused by an open tooth root. Typically, the lower root is two-thirds of the tooth that is usually buried in the bone. Bacterial toxins dissolve the bone around the roots and cause the gums and bone recede, exposing the roots. Exposed root condition called "recession." The roots of the open can be very sensitive to cold food, hot and sour because they are no longer protected by healthy gum and bone.

Early stages of root exposure can be treated with topical fluoride gels applied by a dentist or with special toothpastes (such as Sensodyne or Denquel) containing fluoride and other minerals. These minerals are absorbed by the surface layer of the root to make the roots stronger and less susceptible to the oral environment. Your dentist may also apply "bonding agent" to seal the exposed roots of sensitive areas. If the root exposure causes injury and death of living in the dental pulp tissue, the root canal procedure or tooth extraction may be necessary.

Cracked Tooth Syndrome

"Cracked tooth syndrome" (Cracked Tooth Syndrome) refers to toothache caused by a broken tooth (tooth fracture) without associated cavity or advanced gum disease. Biting on the area of ​​tooth fracture can cause severe sharp pain. These fractures are usually due to chewing or biting hard objects such as hard candy, pencils, nuts, etc. Your dentist can usually detect fractures by painting a special dye on the cracked tooth or a special light shone on the teeth. Treatment usually involves protecting the tooth with a full-coverage crowns made of gold and / or porcelain. However, if placing a crown does not relieve symptoms of pain, a root canal procedure may be required.

Temporomandibular Joint Disorders

Disorders of the temporomandibular joint can cause pain that usually occurs in or around the ear or the lower jaw. TMJ hinges the lower jaw (mandible) to the skull and is responsible for the ability to chew or speak. TMJ disorders can be caused by various types of problems such as arthritis injury (such as a blow to the face), or jaw muscle fatigue of the regular clenching or grinding teeth. The habit of clenching or grinding teeth, a condition called "bruxism," can cause pain in the joints, jaw muscles, and teeth are involved. Bruxism often because of life "stress," a family history of bruxism, and poor bite alignment. Sometimes, the muscles around the TMJ used for chewing can go into spasm, causing head and neck pain and difficulty opening the mouth normally. Muscle spasms are aggravated by chewing or by stress, which causes the patient to clench teeth and further tighten these muscles. While TMJ pain can also result from a new dental trauma or by the extraction of wisdom teeth effects.

Treatment of Temporo-mandibular joint pain usually involves oral anti-inflammatory over-the counter (OTC) medicines such as ibuprofen (Motrin, or Advil) or naproxen (Aleve). Other measures include warm moist compresses to relax the joint, stress reduction, and / or eating soft foods that do not require much chewing. If bruxism is diagnosed by a dentist, a bite appliance (night guard) may be recommended to be used at night to protect the teeth. However, these tools are used primarily to protect the bite of the teeth and can not help with joint pain. For more serious cases of joint pain, referral to a TMJ specialist may be needed to determine further treatment.

Dental impaction & Erosion

Toothache can be derived from teeth that have failed to emerge into the proper position and remained below the gums and / or bone. When the molar (large teeth at the back of the jaw) raises the teeth, the gum around it can become inflamed and swollen. impacted tooth cause pain when they exert pressure to the teeth or bones and inflamed and / or infected. Treatment for tooth pain is usually affected by drugs, antibiotics (for infection), and surgical removal. This most often occurs with impact molar (wisdom) teeth.

Toothache (Gum) - Sign. Cause, Symptoms

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