Ectopic Pregnancy - Beyond, Symptoms, Risk - Outside Gynecologist Diagnose Pregnancy

Ectopic Pregnancy - Beyond, Symptoms, Risk - Outside Gynecologist Diagnose Pregnancy

Beyond the definition of ectopic Pregnancy

Pregnancy outside the womb (ectopic pregnancy) is a condition where the fertilized egg occupy and grow at any location other than the inner lining of the uterus (womb). The vast majority of pregnancies outside the womb occurs in the Fallopian tube (98%), however, they can occur at other locations, such as the ovary (ovarian), cervix (cervical), and abdominal cavity. Pregnancy outside the womb occurs in approximately one in 50 pregnancies.

The main health risks of pregnancy outside the womb is ruptured leading to internal bleeding. Before the 19th century, the death rate from pregnancy outside the womb exceed 50%. In the late 19th century, the death rate dropped to five percent because of the intervention through surgery. With today's advances in early detection, mortality rates have improved to less than five in 10,000. Survival rates of pregnancy outside the womb improved although the incidence of pregnancies outside the womb is also increasing. The primary reason for poor results is the failure to seek medical help early. Pregnancy outside the womb remains a leading cause of death related to pregnancy in the first trimester of pregnancy.

Risk Factors for Pregnancy Outside Gynecology (ectopic Pregnancy)

There are many factors that increase the likelihood a woman has a pregnancy outside the womb, but it is important to note that pregnancies outside the womb can occur in women without any risk factors.

The greatest risk factor for pregnancy outside the womb is a previous history of pregnancy outside the womb. Recurrence rate was 15% after the first pregnancy outside the womb, and 30% after the second.

Any disruption of the normal architecture of the Fallopian tubes may be a risk factor for pregnancy outside the womb. Previous operations on the Fallopian tubes such as tubal sterilization or reconstruction procedures, can lead to scarring and disruption of normal anatomy of the tubes and increase the risk of pregnancy outside the womb. Likewise, infections, birth abnormalities, or tumors of the Fallopian tubes may increase the risk of a woman has a pregnancy outside the womb.

Infection in the pelvis is another risk factor for pregnancy outside the womb. Pelvic infections are usually caused by organisms that are sexually transmitted, such as chlamydia or gonorrhea. However, the bacteria that are not sexually transmitted may also cause pelvic infection and increased risk of pregnancy outside the womb. Infections cause a pregnancy outside the womb by damaging or blocking the Fallopian tubes. Normally, the inner lining of the tubes coated with a protrusion-like protrusion of the tiny hairs called cilia. Cilia are important to transport eggs from the ovary gently (ovarian) through the Fallopian tubes and the uterus (womb). If the cilia are damaged by infection, the transport of eggs to be disrupted. The fertilized egg could occupy in the Fallopian tube without reaching the uterus, so a pregnancy outside the womb. Likewise, scarring (strokes) associated with infection and obstruction of a portion of the Fallopian tubes may also prevent the egg reaches the womb (uterus).

Such as pelvic infections, conditions such as endometriosis, fibroid tumors, or scar tissue pelvis (pelvic adhesions), can narrow the Fallopian tubes and interfere with the transport of eggs, thereby increasing the chances of pregnancy outside the womb.

Approximately 50% of pregnancies in women who use intrauterine devices (IUDs) will be located outside the womb. However, the total number of women who become pregnant while using IUDs is very low. Therefore, the total number of pregnancies outside the womb is related to IUDs is very low.

Cigarette smoking around the time of insemination has also been associated with an increased risk of pregnancy outside the womb. This risk was observed to be dose dependent, which means that the risk depends on the habits peorangan women and increases with the number of cigarettes smoked.

Symptoms Of Pregnancy Outside Gynecology (ectopic Pregnancy)

Classic symptoms of pregnancy outside the womb, including:

* Abdominal pain,

* Absence of menstrual periods (amenorrhea), and

* Vaginal bleeding.

Women may not realize that she was pregnant. The symptoms of these characteristics occur in pregnancies outside the womb are torn (which is accompanied by severe internal bleeding) and pregnancies outside the womb is not torn. However, while these symptoms are typical for a pregnancy outside the womb, they do not mean pregnancy outside the womb is a need to be present and may represent other conditions. In fact, these symptoms also occur with Threatened abortion (miscarriage) in pregnancies that are not outside the womb.

Symptoms of pregnancy outside the womb typically occurs six to eight weeks after the last normal menstrual period, but they may occur later if pregnancy outside the womb is not located in the Fallopian tube. Other symptoms of pregnancy (nausea, breast discomfort, and so on) may also be present in pregnancy outside the womb. Weakness, dizziness, and feeling faint when standing can represent serious internal bleeding from pregnancy outside the womb are torn / ruptured and requires prompt medical attention.

Outside Gynecologist Diagnose Pregnancy (ectopic Pregnancy)

The first act in the diagnosis is an interview and examination by a physician. Sometimes, the doctor may feel a soft mass during a pelvic examination. If a pregnancy outside the womb is suspected, a combination of blood hormone tests and pelvic ultrasound can usually help establish the diagnosis. Transvaginal ultrasound is the most useful test to look at pregnancy outside the womb. In this test, an ultrasound probe inserted into the vagina, and pelvic images seen on the monitor. Transvaginal ultrasound can uncover pockets of pregnancy (gestational sac) in normal pregnancies (intrauterine) or pregnancy outside the womb, but often the findings are not conclusive (convincing). Instead of pockets of pregnancy the embryo containing the visible, the examination may only reveal a mass in the area of ​​the Fallopian tubes or elsewhere which suggests, but does not specify to, pregnancy outside the womb. Ultrasound can also show the absence of pregnancy in the womb (uterus).

Blood levels of beta subunit of human chorionic gonadotrophin (beta HCG) is also used in the diagnosis of pregnancy outside the womb. Beta HCG levels normally rise during pregnancy. Abnormal patterns in the rise of this hormone may be a clue to the presence of pregnancy outside the womb. In rare cases, laparoscopy may be necessary to finally confirm the diagnosis of pregnancy outside the womb. During laparoscopy, visionaries tools inserted through small incisions in the abdominal wall to view the structures in the abdomen and pelvis, thereby revealing the place of pregnancy outside the womb.

Health Risks From Beyond Gynecology Pregnancy (ectopic Pregnancy)

Some women spontaneously absorb their pregnancies outside the womb with no effects visible disease, and can be observed without treatment. However, the actual incidence of resolution (problem solving) that spontaneous pregnancy outside the womb is not known. It is impossible to predict which women will spontaneously solve the problem pregnancies beyond their content.

The most feared complication of pregnancy outside the womb is internal bleeding, which causes pelvic and abdominal pain, shock, and even death. Therefore, bleeding in pregnancy outside the womb may require surgical assistance immediately. Bleeding results from rupture / tearing of the Fallopian tubes or from blood leaking from the tip of the tube when the placenta is growing (eroded) into the veins and arteries that are located within the wall of the tube. Blood coming from the tube can be very irritating to tissues and other organs in the pelvis and abdomen, and result in significant pain. Blood pelvis can lead to the formation of scar tissue and problems with getting pregnant in the future. Scar tissue may also increase the risk of pregnancy outside the womb of the future.

Treatment Options Available For Gynecologist Beyond Pregnancy (ectopic Pregnancy)

Treatment options for pregnancy outside the womb, including observation, laparoscopy, laparotomy, and treatment. The selection of these options individual. Some pregnancies outside the womb will disappear by itself without need for any intervention, while others will require emergency surgery due to life-threatening bleeding. However, because the risk of rupture / tear and the consequences are potentially dire, most women with pregnancy outside the womb who are diagnosed are treated with medication or surgery.

  

For those who require intervention, the most common treatment is surgery. Two options are available operating; laparotomy and laparoscopy. Laparotomy is an open procedure in which the transverse incision (bikini line) was made through the lower abdomen. Laparoscopy involves the inclusion visionaries tools into the pelvis through small incisions in the skin. For many surgeons and patients, laparoscopy is more favored than the laparotomy because of the small incisions used and rapid recovery afterwards. Under optimal conditions, a small incision can be made to the Fallopian tubes and pregnancy outside the womb removed / discarded, leaving the Fallopian tubes remain intact. However, certain conditions make laparoscopy less effective or not available as an alternative. These include pelvic scar tissue that the massive and excessive bleeding in the abdomen or pelvis. In some occurrence, location or extent of damage may require removal / disposal of a portion of the Fallopian tubes, all tube, ovary (ovarian), and even the uterus (womb).

Medical therapy can also be successful in treating certain groups of women who have a pregnancy outside the womb. This treatment method involves the use of anti-cancer drug called methotrexate. These drugs work by killing the cells of growth of the placenta, thereby inducing a miscarriage of pregnancy outside the womb. Some patients may not respond to methotrexate, and will require surgical treatment. Methotrexate is gaining popularity due to the high success rate and low rate of side effects. There are certain factors, including the size of the mass associated with pregnancy outside the womb and blood concentrations of beta HCG are helping doctors decide which women are candidates for medical rather than surgical treatment.

Although there have been few reported cases of women who gave birth to babies who live with cesarean section, located outside the womb, it is very rare. Opportunity to bring the pregnancy outside the womb into a full-time is so far away, and the risk in women is so great that he can not ever recommended.  This concept should be as full procedure successfully received.

Overall, there have been major advances in early diagnosis and treatment of pregnancy outside the womb, and mortality of this condition has been reduced dramatically.

Ectopic Pregnancy - Beyond, Symptoms, Risk - Outside Gynecologist Diagnose Pregnancy

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