Mumps (Parotitis)
Mumps Disease (parotitis) is an infectious disease where someone is infected by a virus (paramyxovirus) which attacks the salivary glands (parotid glands) in between the ears and jaw, causing swelling in the upper neck or cheek bottom.
Mumps spread all over the world and can occur in endemic or epidemic, this disorder tends to strike children aged 2-12 years. In adults, these infections can affect the testes (testicles), central nervous system, pancreas, prostate, breast and other organs.
As for those who suffer or are at greater risk for contracting this disease are those who use or consume certain drugs to suppress the thyroid glands and their hormones are iodine deficiency in the body.
# Mumps Disease Transmission
Disease Mumps (Mumps, or parotitis) spread of the virus can be transmitted through direct contact, saliva splash, vomiting material, possibly with the urine. The virus can be found in the urine from the first day until the fourteenth day after the enlargement of the gland.
Mumps is very rare in children younger than 2 years, it is because they generally still have or be protected by good anti-bodies. A person who had suffered from mumps, then he will have lifetime immunity.
# Signs and Symptoms of Mumps
Not all people infected by the virus paramyxovirus have complaints, even about 30-40% of patients showed no signs of illness (subclinical). However they are similar to other patients who have complaints, which can be a source of transmission of the disease.
Period shoots (incubation period) Mumps disease approximately 12-24 days with an average of 17-18 days. The signs and symptoms that arise after infection and the development of the buds can be described as follows:
1. In the early stages (1-2 days) Mumps sufferers experience symptoms: fever (body temperature 38.5 - 40 degrees Celsius), headaches, muscle aches, loss of appetite, pain when chewing the back of the jaw and occasionally accompanied by stiff jaw (hard to open mouth ).
2. Further swelling of glands under the ears (parotid) that begins with swelling of one side of the gland and then the two have swollen glands.
3. Swelling usually lasts about 3 days and then gradually deflated.
4. Sometimes swelling of the glands under the jaw (submandibular) and the glands under the tongue (sublingual). In the male puberty being scrotal swelling (testes) due to spread via the bloodstream.
# Diagnosis Disease Mumps (Mumps, or parotitis)
Diagnosis is made when there are clear symptoms of mumps infection in checkup epidemika physical, including a description of contact with the disease mumps (mumps or mumps) 2-3 weeks previously. In addition it is the act of the laboratory results of urine examination (urine) and blood.
# Laboratory
Besides leukopenia with relative limfosiotsis, found also an increase in serum amylase levels which peaked after one week and then back to normal within two weeks.
If the patient did not show swelling of glands under the ears, but other signs and symptoms of mumps disease that leads to doubt the diagnosis. Doctors will give an order to do further tests such as blood serum. At least as there are 3 test serum (serologic) to prove the specific mumps antibodies: antibodies, complement fixation (CF), Hemagglutination inhibitor antibodies (HI), virus neutralizing antibodies (NT).
# Complications Due to Disease Mumps
Almost all children who suffer from mumps will recover completely without complications, but sometimes the symptoms worsened again after about 2 weeks. This condition can cause complications, which the virus can invade organs other than salivary glands. This may occur especially if the infection occurs after puberty.
Below are the complications that can occur due to poor handling or treatment early:
1. Orchitis: inflammation of one or both testicles. After recovery, the affected testis may shrink. Is rare that permanent damage to the testes resulting in infertility.
2. Ovoritis: inflammation of one or both ovaries TELUS. Arise mild abdominal pain and rarely causes sterility.
3. Encephalitis or meningitis: inflammation of the brain or the lining of the brain. Symptoms include headache, neck stiffness, drowsiness, coma or convulsions. 50-10% of patients have meningitis and most will recover completely. 1 in 400-6000 patients experiencing enserfalitis likely to have brain damage or permanent nerve, such as deafness or paralysis of facial muscles.
4. Pancreatitis: inflammation of the pancreas, can occur at the end of the first week. Patients feel the nausea and vomiting accompanied by abdominal pain. These symptoms will disappear within 1 week and patients will recover completely.
5. Kidney inflammation can cause sufferers spend the urine is thick in large numbers
6. Inflammation of the joints can cause pain in one or several joints.
Treatment aims to reduce complaints (symptomatic) and rest during the heat sufferers and glands (parotid) to swell. Usable heat and pain relief medication (antipyretics and analgesics) such as Paracetamol and the like, aspirin should not be given to children because it has the risk of Reye's syndrome (Effect of aspirin in children).
In patients who experience swelling of the testicles, the patient should undergo a rest bed rest in bed. The pain can be reduced by ice compress on the swollen area of the testis. Whereas patients who experienced virus attacks apada organ pancreas (pancreatitis), which cause symptoms of nausea and vomiting should be given fluids through an IV.
Corticosteroids for 2-4 days and 20 ml of convalescent gammaglobulin expected to prevent the occurrence of orchitis. Against the virus itself can not be influenced by the anti-microbial, so treatment is only oriented to relieve symptoms until the patient back to good by itself.
Mumps actually belong to the "self-limiting disease" (disease who heal itself without treatment). People with mumps should avoid foods or beverages that are acidic so that pain does not get worse, given liquid and soft food diet.
If the ancient people with mumps are given Blau (blue for washing clothes), really it is clinically irrelevant. Most likely only to children affected by the disease Mumps is embarrassed when playing out with his face covered in Blau, so hope the child is resting at home enough to help the healing process.
# Disease Prevention Mumps (parotitis)
Mumps vaccination is part of routine immunization in childhood, the immunization MMR (mumps, morbili, rubella) given by injection at the age of 15 months.
MMR immunization may also be given to adolescents and adults who have not had Mumps. Immunization does not cause apanas effects or other symptoms. Simply eating foods that contain iodine levels, can reduce the risk of the disease mumps.
1 comments:
Really its a nice post on the Mumps which helps to get the awareness to eradicate it as soon as possible, Thanks for the share..
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