Rheumatic Heart Disease (RHD) is a condition where there is damage to heart valves that can be either narrowing or leakage, particularly mitral valve (mitral valve stenosis) as a result of residual symptoms of Rheumatic Fever.
Rheumatic fever is a systemic disease that can be acute, subacute, chronic, or fulminant, and can occur after infection hemolyticus beta Streptococcus group A in the upper respiratory tract. Acute rheumatic fever is characterized by prolonged fever, heart pounding, sometimes get tired quickly. The peak incidence of rheumatic fever are in the age group 5-15 years, the disease is rare in children under 4 years of age and people over 50 years.
Someone who had rheumatic fever if not treated adequately, so very likely suffered an attack of rheumatic heart disease. Infection by Streptococcus group A Beta Hemolyticus that causes a person experiences which preceded the occurrence of rheumatic fever, inflammation of the throat channel, due to the management and treatment is directed causing toxins / toxin from the bacteria spread through the bloodstream and cause inflammation of the heart valves. The result leaves the valve had adhesions so narrowed, or thicken and contract so that the cover is not perfect and leak again.
# Signs and Symptoms of Rheumatic Heart Disease
Patients generally experience shortness of breath caused by heart already experiencing problems, joint pain that moved around, reddish spots on the skin boundary, hand movements, irregular and uncontrollable (Korean), or a small lump under the skin. In addition signs are also accompanying abdominal pain, weight loss, rapid fatigue and fever of course.
# Enforcement of Rheumatic Heart Disease Diagnosis
In addition to the signs and symptoms that seem directly from the physical, the doctor will generally perform some lab tests, for example, routine blood tests, Asto, CRP, and throat culture review. The most accurate form of examination is to do echocardiografi to see the condition of heart valves and heart muscle.
# Treatment of Rheumatic Heart Disease
If the diagnosis of rheumatic heart disease is already established and the persistence of the infection by Streptococcus, then the main thing that comes from the team doctor was giving antibiotics and anti inflammatory. For example the provision of oral antibiotics penicillin or benzathine penicillin G. In patients who are allergic to either drug, another alternative is giving erythromycin or cephalosporin group. While anti-inflammatories are usually given cortisone and aspirin.
Patients are encouraged to bed rest in hospital, besides the medical team will think about the handling of the likelihood of complications such as heart failure, bacterial endocarditis or trombo-embolism. Patients will be given a highly nutritious diet that contains enough vitamins.
Rheumatic Heart Disease Patients without symptoms do not require therapy. Patients with mild symptoms of heart failure requiring medical therapy to address his complaint. Patients who are symptomatic need surgikal therapy or invasive intervention. But surgikal therapies and interventions available are still limited and the cost is relatively expensive and require long-term follow-up.
If we see above that pulmonary heart disease is very likely to occur in the presence of the early events of rheumatic fever , of course, the best prevention efforts is how we should not have rheumatic fever (Streptococcus infection hemolyticus beta).
There are several factors that can support a person develops the germ, including environmental factors such as poor living conditions, living conditions are crowded and less access to health care is a significant determinant in the distribution of this disease. Weather variations also have a major role in the occurrence of infections to occur streptokokkus Rheumatic Fever.
A person who is infected with the bacteria Streptococcus beta hemolyticus and rheumatic fever, should be given a maximum with antibiotic therapy. This is to avoid the possibility of an attack a second time or even lead to Rheumatic Heart Disease.
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